Title: World Capitals — LearnCoachAssist

Q: What is the capital of France?
A: Paris — the largest city in France, situated on the River Seine. It is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.

Q: What is the capital of Germany?
A: Berlin — located in northeastern Germany on the River Spree. It was divided into East and West Berlin during the Cold War until reunification in 1990.

Q: What is the capital of Italy?
A: Rome — known as the "Eternal City," it was the heart of the Roman Empire. Vatican City, an independent city-state, is located within Rome.

Q: What is the capital of Spain?
A: Madrid — situated in the center of the Iberian Peninsula. It is the largest city in Spain and home to the Royal Palace.

Q: What is the capital of Portugal?
A: Lisbon — located on the coast where the Tagus River meets the Atlantic Ocean. It is one of the oldest cities in Western Europe.

Q: What is the capital of the United Kingdom?
A: London — situated on the River Thames in southeastern England. It is one of the world's leading financial centers and most visited cities.

Q: What is the capital of Ireland?
A: Dublin — located on the east coast at the mouth of the River Liffey. It is the largest city on the island of Ireland.

Q: What is the capital of the Netherlands?
A: Amsterdam — though the government sits in The Hague, Amsterdam is the constitutional capital. It is famous for its canal ring and cultural heritage.

Q: What is the capital of Belgium?
A: Brussels — the de facto capital of the European Union. It is a bilingual city with both French and Dutch-speaking communities.

Q: What is the capital of Switzerland?
A: Bern — a medieval city built on a peninsula of the River Aare. Despite being the capital, Zurich and Geneva are larger cities.

Q: What is the capital of Austria?
A: Vienna — located on the Danube River in eastern Austria. It is renowned for its classical music heritage and imperial architecture.

Q: What is the capital of Poland?
A: Warsaw — situated on the Vistula River, it was almost entirely rebuilt after World War II. It is the largest city and economic hub of Poland.

Q: What is the capital of Czech Republic (Czechia)?
A: Prague — known as the "City of a Hundred Spires" for its extensive Gothic and Baroque architecture. It sits on the Vltava River in central Bohemia.

Q: What is the capital of Hungary?
A: Budapest — formed by the unification of Buda, Óbuda, and Pest in 1873 across the Danube River. It is famous for its thermal baths and Parliament building.

Q: What is the capital of Romania?
A: Bucharest — the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast on the Dâmbovița River. It is sometimes called "Little Paris" for its elegant architecture.

Q: What is the capital of Greece?
A: Athens — one of the world's oldest cities, regarded as the birthplace of Western civilization and democracy. The Acropolis and Parthenon are its most famous landmarks.

Q: What is the capital of Sweden?
A: Stockholm — built across 14 islands connected by 57 bridges. It is the largest city in Scandinavia and hosts the Nobel Prize ceremony.

Q: What is the capital of Norway?
A: Oslo — located at the head of the Oslofjord in southeastern Norway. It is surrounded by forests and the fjord, offering a blend of urban and natural landscapes.

Q: What is the capital of Denmark?
A: Copenhagen — situated on the eastern coast of the island of Zealand. It is known for its colorful Nyhavn waterfront and progressive urban design.

Q: What is the capital of Finland?
A: Helsinki — located on a peninsula in the Gulf of Finland. It is the northernmost capital of an EU member state on the European mainland.

Q: What is the capital of Iceland?
A: Reykjavik — the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. It is powered almost entirely by geothermal and hydroelectric energy.

Q: What is the capital of Croatia?
A: Zagreb — situated along the Sava River at the southern slopes of Medvednica mountain. It is the cultural, scientific, and governmental center of Croatia.

Q: What is the capital of Serbia?
A: Belgrade — located at the confluence of the Danube and Sava rivers. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe.

Q: What is the capital of Bulgaria?
A: Sofia — situated at the foot of Vitosha Mountain in western Bulgaria. It has been inhabited for over 7,000 years.

Q: What is the capital of Albania?
A: Tirana — the largest city in Albania, located in the center-west of the country. It became the capital in 1920.

Q: What is the capital of North Macedonia?
A: Skopje — located on the Vardar River in the north of the country. It was heavily damaged by an earthquake in 1963 and subsequently rebuilt.

Q: What is the capital of Japan?
A: Tokyo — the most populous metropolitan area in the world with over 37 million people. It is the political, economic, and cultural center of Japan.

Q: What is the capital of China?
A: Beijing — one of the oldest cities in the world, serving as the political center of China for most of the last eight centuries. It is home to the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square.

Q: What is the capital of South Korea?
A: Seoul — a megacity with about 10 million residents, located on the Han River. It is a global leader in technology, pop culture, and cosmetics.

Q: What is the capital of India?
A: New Delhi — a planned city designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker during the colonial era. It serves as the seat of all three branches of the Indian government.

Q: What is the capital of Thailand?
A: Bangkok — officially known as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, it is the most populous city in Thailand. It is famous for its ornate temples, bustling street life, and Grand Palace.

Q: What is the capital of Vietnam?
A: Hanoi — located on the banks of the Red River in northern Vietnam. It is one of the most ancient capitals in the world, with a history spanning over 1,000 years.

Q: What is the capital of Indonesia?
A: Jakarta — the largest city in Southeast Asia and the historical capital. Indonesia is in the process of moving its capital to Nusantara on the island of Borneo.

Q: What is the capital of Malaysia?
A: Kuala Lumpur — known for the iconic Petronas Twin Towers. Putrajaya serves as the administrative capital, but KL remains the legislative and royal capital.

Q: What is the capital of the Philippines?
A: Manila — located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on the island of Luzon. Metro Manila is one of the most densely populated urban areas in the world.

Q: What is the capital of Pakistan?
A: Islamabad — a planned city built in the 1960s to replace Karachi as the capital. It is located at the foot of the Margalla Hills.

Q: What is the capital of Bangladesh?
A: Dhaka — one of the most densely populated cities in the world. It sits on the banks of the Buriganga River and is a major center of the garment industry.

Q: What is the capital of Sri Lanka?
A: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte — the legislative capital, while Colombo is the commercial capital and largest city.

Q: What is the capital of Nepal?
A: Kathmandu — located in a valley surrounded by four major mountains in central Nepal. It is the gateway for trekkers heading to the Himalayas and Mount Everest.

Q: What is the capital of Myanmar (Burma)?
A: Naypyidaw — a purpose-built city that replaced Yangon as the capital in 2006. It is one of the largest and least densely populated capital cities in the world.

Q: What is the capital of Cambodia?
A: Phnom Penh — located at the confluence of the Mekong and Tonle Sap rivers. It is the economic, industrial, and cultural center of Cambodia.

Q: What is the capital of Mongolia?
A: Ulaanbaatar — home to nearly half of Mongolia's entire population. It is the coldest national capital in the world, with winter temperatures dropping below −30°C.

Q: What is the capital of Egypt?
A: Cairo — the largest city in Africa and the Arab world, located near the Nile Delta. The Great Pyramids of Giza are situated on the city's outskirts.

Q: What is the capital of South Africa?
A: South Africa has three capitals: Pretoria (executive), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial). This arrangement distributes governmental power across the country.

Q: What is the capital of Nigeria?
A: Abuja — a purpose-built city that replaced Lagos as the capital in 1991. It was chosen for its central location and political neutrality among ethnic groups.

Q: What is the capital of Kenya?
A: Nairobi — the largest city in East Africa and a major hub for business and culture. Nairobi National Park, home to lions and rhinos, sits on the city's edge.

Q: What is the capital of Ethiopia?
A: Addis Ababa — located at an elevation of about 2,355 meters, making it one of the highest capitals in the world. It is the headquarters of the African Union.

Q: What is the capital of Ghana?
A: Accra — situated on the Gulf of Guinea coast in West Africa. It was historically important in the gold and slave trades and is now a vibrant modern city.

Q: What is the capital of Tanzania?
A: Dodoma — the official capital, though Dar es Salaam remains the largest city and main economic center. The legislature moved to Dodoma in 1996.

Q: What is the capital of Morocco?
A: Rabat — located on the Atlantic coast at the mouth of the Bou Regreg River. Casablanca is larger, but Rabat has been the political capital since 1912.

Q: What is the capital of Algeria?
A: Algiers — the largest city in Algeria, located on the Mediterranean coast. Its historic Casbah is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Q: What is the capital of Democratic Republic of the Congo?
A: Kinshasa — the third-largest city in Africa and the largest French-speaking city in the world. It faces Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of the Congo, across the Congo River.

Q: What is the capital of Senegal?
A: Dakar — located on the Cap-Vert peninsula, the westernmost point of mainland Africa. It is a major Atlantic port and cultural hub of West Africa.

Q: What is the capital of Madagascar?
A: Antananarivo — located in the central highlands at about 1,275 meters elevation. It is the island nation's largest city and economic center.

Q: What is the capital of Mozambique?
A: Maputo — a port city on the Indian Ocean in southern Mozambique. It was formerly known as Lourenço Marques during the Portuguese colonial period.

Q: What is the capital of Rwanda?
A: Kigali — one of the cleanest cities in Africa, spread across several hills and valleys. It has experienced rapid development since the mid-1990s.

Q: What is the capital of Namibia?
A: Windhoek — located in the central highlands of Namibia at about 1,700 meters elevation. It is the country's economic and cultural center.

Q: What is the capital of Brazil?
A: Brasília — a planned city inaugurated in 1960, designed by architect Oscar Niemeyer and urban planner Lúcio Costa. It replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital to promote interior development.

Q: What is the capital of Argentina?
A: Buenos Aires — located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata estuary. It is the most visited city in South America and a major cultural center.

Q: What is the capital of Colombia?
A: Bogotá — situated on a high plateau in the Andes at about 2,640 meters elevation. It is one of the highest capital cities in the world.

Q: What is the capital of Peru?
A: Lima — located on the Pacific coast in a desert strip. It was founded by Francisco Pizarro in 1535 and served as the capital of the Spanish Viceroyalty.

Q: What is the capital of Chile?
A: Santiago — located in a valley surrounded by the Andes and the Chilean Coastal Range. It is home to over a third of Chile's population.

Q: What is the capital of Venezuela?
A: Caracas — located in a valley in the northern coastal mountains at about 900 meters elevation. It is the birthplace of Simón Bolívar, the liberator of South America.

Q: What is the capital of Ecuador?
A: Quito — at 2,850 meters above sea level, it is the highest official capital city in the world. Its well-preserved colonial center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Q: What is the capital of Bolivia?
A: Bolivia has two capitals: Sucre (constitutional and judicial capital) and La Paz (administrative capital and seat of government). La Paz, at about 3,640 m, is the highest de facto capital in the world.

Q: What is the capital of Uruguay?
A: Montevideo — located on the northern bank of the Río de la Plata. It is home to about half of Uruguay's entire population.

Q: What is the capital of Paraguay?
A: Asunción — one of the oldest cities in South America, founded in 1537. It is located on the left bank of the Paraguay River.

Q: What is the capital of Guyana?
A: Georgetown — located on the Atlantic coast at the mouth of the Demerara River. It is the largest city in Guyana and sits below sea level, protected by a seawall.

Q: What is the capital of Suriname?
A: Paramaribo — situated on the banks of the Suriname River near the Atlantic coast. Its inner city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site reflecting Dutch colonial architecture.

Q: What is the capital of Mexico?
A: Mexico City — one of the most populous cities in the Western Hemisphere, built on the ruins of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan. It sits in the Valley of Mexico at about 2,240 meters elevation.

Q: What is the capital of Guatemala?
A: Guatemala City — the largest city in Central America, located in a mountain valley. It has been the capital since 1776.

Q: What is the capital of Honduras?
A: Tegucigalpa — located in a mountainous valley in southern Honduras. It is one of the few capital cities in the Americas without a railway connection.

Q: What is the capital of Costa Rica?
A: San José — located in the Central Valley at about 1,170 meters elevation. It is the cultural and economic center of the country.

Q: What is the capital of Panama?
A: Panama City — located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal. It is the most cosmopolitan capital in Central America and a major banking hub.

Q: What is the capital of Cuba?
A: Havana — the largest city in the Caribbean, located on the northern coast of the island. Old Havana is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its colonial Spanish architecture.

Q: What is the capital of Jamaica?
A: Kingston — located on the southeastern coast with a natural harbor. It is the cultural capital of the Caribbean and the birthplace of reggae music.

Q: What is the capital of Haiti?
A: Port-au-Prince — located on the Gulf of Gonâve on the island of Hispaniola. It was severely damaged by a major earthquake in 2010.

Q: What is the capital of Dominican Republic?
A: Santo Domingo — the oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the Americas, founded in 1498. It is located on the Caribbean coast of Hispaniola.

Q: What is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago?
A: Port of Spain — located on the northwest coast of the island of Trinidad. It is famous for its annual Carnival celebration.

Q: What is the capital of Australia?
A: Canberra — a planned city chosen as a compromise between Sydney and Melbourne when the federation was formed. It is located in the Australian Capital Territory.

Q: What is the capital of New Zealand?
A: Wellington — the southernmost capital city of a sovereign state. It is located at the southern tip of the North Island and is known for its windy conditions.

Q: What is the capital of Fiji?
A: Suva — located on the southeast coast of the island of Viti Levu. It is the largest city in the South Pacific outside of Australia and New Zealand.

Q: What is the capital of Papua New Guinea?
A: Port Moresby — located on the shores of the Gulf of Papua on the southeastern coast. It is one of the most linguistically diverse regions in the world.

Q: What is the capital of Samoa?
A: Apia — located on the north coast of the island of Upolu. It is one of the last places on Earth to see the sunset each day due to its position near the International Date Line.

Q: What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?
A: Riyadh — located in the center of the Arabian Peninsula on a large plateau. It is one of the wealthiest cities in the Middle East and a rapidly growing metropolis.

Q: What is the capital of Iran?
A: Tehran — the largest city in Western Asia, located at the foot of the Alborz Mountains. It is home to over 9 million people and serves as the political and economic hub of Iran.

Q: What is the capital of Iraq?
A: Baghdad — situated on the Tigris River, it was the center of the Islamic Golden Age as capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. It is the largest city in Iraq.

Q: What is the capital of Israel?
A: Jerusalem — Israel designates Jerusalem as its capital, though this is internationally disputed. The city is considered holy by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Q: What is the capital of Turkey?
A: Ankara — located in central Anatolia, it replaced Istanbul as the capital in 1923 when the Republic of Turkey was founded. It is the second-largest city in Turkey.

Q: What is the capital of Jordan?
A: Amman — one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is situated on a hilly area between the desert and the Jordan Valley.

Q: What is the capital of Lebanon?
A: Beirut — located on a peninsula on the eastern Mediterranean coast. Often called the "Paris of the Middle East," it has been a major cultural and commercial center.

Q: What is the capital of United Arab Emirates?
A: Abu Dhabi — located on an island in the Persian Gulf, it is the largest of the seven emirates. Dubai is more famous commercially, but Abu Dhabi is the political capital.

Q: What is the capital of Qatar?
A: Doha — located on the coast of the Persian Gulf, it is home to more than 80% of Qatar's population. It has undergone rapid modernization and hosted the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Q: What is the capital of Oman?
A: Muscat — a port city on the Gulf of Oman, flanked by mountains and desert. It has been an important trading port for centuries.

Q: What is the capital of Kazakhstan?
A: Astana — the capital was moved from Almaty to Astana in 1997. It is known for its futuristic architecture and extreme continental climate.

Q: What is the capital of Uzbekistan?
A: Tashkent — the largest city in Central Asia, largely rebuilt after a devastating earthquake in 1966. It has been a major stop on the Silk Road for centuries.

Q: What is the capital of Georgia?
A: Tbilisi — located on the banks of the Kura River, it was founded in the 5th century. It is known for its diverse architecture and old sulfur baths.

Q: What is the capital of Armenia?
A: Yerevan — one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, with a history dating back to 782 BC. It is known for its pink tufa stone buildings and views of Mount Ararat.

Q: What is the capital of Ukraine?
A: Kyiv — located on the Dnieper River in north-central Ukraine. It is one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, with a history spanning over 1,400 years.

Q: What is the capital of Lithuania?
A: Vilnius — the largest city in Lithuania, known for its baroque Old Town which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is located at the confluence of the Vilnia and Neris rivers.