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A container is a lightweight, standalone, executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software, such as code, runtime, libraries, and dependencies, isolated from the host system.
Containerization is a virtualization method that packages an application and its dependencies into a container, enabling consistent deployment across different environments without hypervisor overhead.
Docker is an open-source platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of applications inside containers using containerization technology.
Containers share the host OS kernel and are lightweight, starting in seconds, while virtual machines include a full guest OS, making them heavier and slower to boot.
Containers virtualize at the OS level; VMs at the hardware level.
A Docker image is a read-only template containing the application code, libraries, dependencies, and configurations needed to create a container.