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The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States and the oldest written national constitution still in use. Ratified in 1788, it establishes the framework of...
The Constitution rests on several foundational principles that distribute power and prevent its concentration. Separation of powers divides governmental authority among three disti...
The First Amendment protects five fundamental freedoms that lie at the heart of American civil liberties. It begins with two Religion Clauses: the Establishment Clause, which prohi...
The Reconstruction Amendments transformed American constitutional law in the wake of the Civil War. The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in t...
The Constitution's grants of power to the federal government are anchored in several important clauses. The Commerce Clause, found in Article I, Section 8, grants Congress the powe...
Constitutional interpretation is the process by which courts, scholars, and the public derive meaning from the Constitution's text. Several competing schools of thought have shaped...