600 cards
Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching, and running a new business, typically beginning as a small venture offering a product, process, or service for sale. A startup is a young company founded to develop a unique product or service and bring it to market, often characterized by high growth potential....
Most startups follow a staged funding path. The earliest capital is pre-seed funding, often supplied by founders to develop an idea, build a prototype, or conduct initial market research. This is followed by seed funding, the initial capital used to start a business, frequently contributed by founders, friends and fami...
The internet has produced a rich variety of business models. Software as a Service (SaaS) hosts applications in the cloud and delivers them to customers over the internet, typically via subscription. Related cloud models include Platform as a Service (PaaS), which provides a platform for developing and managing applica...
Marketing blends digital and traditional approaches, anchored by the marketing mix of the four Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) and the extended seven Ps that add People, Process, and Physical evidence for services. Branding shapes how customers perceive the company: brand positioning defines what makes it unique...
A sustainable competitive advantage, often called a moat, protects a company from competitors. Warren Buffett popularized the term, drawing an analogy to a castle's moat. Types of business moats include network effects, where a product becomes more valuable as more people use it; switching costs that make it expensive...
Foundational financial statements track business health. A Profit and Loss statement (P&L) summarizes revenues, costs, and expenses over a period to show profitability. A balance sheet reports assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a point in time. A cash flow statement shows how changes in balance sheet acco...
Choosing a business structure shapes taxation, liability, and fundraising. A sole proprietorship is the simplest structure with no legal distinction between owner and business. A Limited Liability Company (LLC) combines pass-through taxation with limited personal liability protection. A C-Corporation is the standard st...