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Web Accessibility Textbook

A free, self-paced textbook in 8 chapters. Read a chapter, then drill it with the 200 companion flashcards using spaced repetition.

8 chapters · 200 cards · Updated

Chapters

  1. 1Foundations of Web Accessibility

    Web accessibility is the practice of building websites and applications that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate, and use. It is not a niche concern but a q...

  2. 2The POUR Principles in Practice

    The Perceivable principle states that information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive. This means providing text alternatives for i...

  3. 3Semantic HTML and ARIA

    Semantic HTML is the foundation of accessible markup. Using built-in elements like <button>, <nav>, <main>, <label>, and <table> conveys meaning and b...

  4. 4Keyboard Navigation and Focus Management

    Keyboard accessibility is essential because many users, including those who are blind or have motor impairments, rely entirely on the keyboard to interact with the web. The tab ord...

  5. 5Visual Accessibility

    Color contrast is the visual difference between text and its background, and it must be strong enough for content to be readable by users with low vision or in poor lighting. WCAG...

  6. 6Forms, Images, and Document Structure

    Accessible forms start with persistent, visible labels rather than placeholders. A <label for="id"> paired with its input, or a label that wraps the input, provides an access...

  7. 7Dynamic Interfaces and Complex Components

    Complex components such as tabs, accordions, menus, and carousels require deliberate accessibility design because the browser cannot infer their interactive behavior. An accessible...

  8. 8Testing, Cognitive Accessibility, and Inclusive Design

    Accessibility testing combines automated tools with manual checks because automation catches only a fraction of real issues. Tools like axe DevTools, Lighthouse, WAVE, Pa11y, and A...

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