Skip to content

Chapter 2 of 8

Opening Sessions and Clarifying Goals

A strong coaching session typically begins with a question that establishes what the client wants from the conversation. Asking what would make the conversation genuinely useful today hands ownership to the client from the first minute and signals that the session will follow their priorities. From there, the coach moves toward clarifying what success actually looks like. Asking, if this goes well, what specifically will be different, transforms a vague wish into observable change, which makes progress easier to recognise later. A useful follow-up invites the client to describe a "good enough" version of the outcome that is worth acting on now, even if it is not perfect, which reduces the paralysis of chasing an ideal.

Vision and future-state questions extend this work over a longer horizon. When a coach invites the client to imagine a resolved situation months from now and describe what became true, the client is essentially rehearsing success and noticing what conditions would make it more likely. A related question asks the client to imagine what they will see, hear, and feel on the day a goal is genuinely real, which makes an abstract aim tangible enough to act on. Even broader questions, such as where the client wants to be in three years and who they want to spend their weekdays with, anchor ambitions in a concrete life rather than a list of accomplishments.

A persistent risk in goal-setting is that the client inherits someone else's definition of success. Coaches counteract this by asking how the client would define success in a way that is meaningful to them rather than impressive to others, and by asking what the word "success" means separate from how family or culture defined it. Permission-giving questions, such as how big the goal could realistically get if the client were not worried about being judged, help clients reclaim ambition that fear has been quietly shrinking. Together, these opening and goal-clarifying questions ensure that the rest of the session is aimed at something the client truly owns.

All chapters
  1. 1Foundations of Powerful Coaching Questions
  2. 2Opening Sessions and Clarifying Goals
  3. 3Exploring Reality, Assumptions, and Awareness
  4. 4Generating Possibilities and Experiments
  5. 5Identity, Values, and Self-Knowledge
  6. 6Emotion, Fear, and Resistance
  7. 7Action, Commitment, and Accountability
  8. 8Relationships, Patterns, and Closing Well

Drill it

Reading is not remembering. These come from the Powerful Coaching Questions deck:

Q

What makes a coaching question powerful?

A powerful coaching question creates reflection, challenges assumptions, and helps the client generate their own insight rather than receive advice.

Q

Why are open-ended questions central to coaching?

Open-ended questions invite exploration and ownership because they cannot be answered with a simple yes or no.

Q

What is a good opening question for a coaching session?

"What would make this conversation genuinely useful for you today?"

Q

Why are "what" questions often better than "why" questions in coaching?

"What" questions tend to feel less accusatory and more action-oriented, while "why" questions can trigger defensiveness or over-explaining.