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Chapter 1 of 5

Foundations of the Present Tense and Regular -AR Verbs

The Spanish present tense expresses habitual actions, current states, and general truths. Regular verbs fall into three conjugation classes based on their infinitive endings: -AR, -ER, and -IR. The largest class, -AR verbs, follows a predictable pattern across all six grammatical persons. The endings are: -o (yo), -as (tú), -a (él/ella), -amos (nosotros), -áis (vosotros), -an (ellos). For example, hablar (to speak) becomes hablo, hablas, habla, hablamos, habláis, hablan.

This chapter introduces the largest group of regular verbs in the deck. Core everyday -AR verbs include trabajar (trabajo, trabajas, trabaja, trabajamos, trabajáis, trabajan), estudiar (estudio, estudias, estudia, estudiamos, estudiáis, estudian), comprar (compro, compras, compra, compramos, compráis, compran), escuchar (escucho, escuchas, escucha, escuchamos, escucháis, escuchan), and mirar (miro, miras, mira, miramos, miráis, miran). All follow the identical pattern, so mastering one verb teaches the system for dozens.

Additional high-frequency -AR verbs expand everyday vocabulary: llamar (to call), amar (to love), ayudar (to help), buscar (to look for), cantar (to sing), bailar (to dance), caminar (to walk), cocinar (to cook), dejar (to leave), desear (to wish), enseñar (to teach), entrar (to enter), esperar (to wait/hope), ganar (to win/earn), gastar (to spend), invitar (to invite), llegar (to arrive), llevar (to carry/wear), nadar (to swim), necesitar (to need), olvidar (to forget), pagar (to pay), pasar (to pass/spend time), preguntar (to ask), regresar (to return), tomar (to take/drink), usar (to use), viajar (to travel), and visitar (to visit). Each of these drops the -AR and adds the six standard endings, making the entire family a single memorization task.

All chapters
  1. 1Foundations of the Present Tense and Regular -AR Verbs
  2. 2Regular -ER and -IR Verbs
  3. 3Essential Irregular Verbs
  4. 4Stem-Changing Verbs
  5. 5Tricky Distinctions and Special Constructions

Drill it

Reading is not remembering. These come from the Spanish Present Tense Top 100 Verbs deck:

Q

Conjugate <b>hablar</b> (to speak) in the present tense — all six forms.

yo hablo &nbsp;|&nbsp; tú hablas &nbsp;|&nbsp; él/ella hablanosotros hablamos &nbsp;|&nbsp; vosotros habláis &nbsp;|&nbsp; ellos hablan

Q

Conjugate <b>trabajar</b> (to work) in the present tense — all six forms.

yo trabajo &nbsp;|&nbsp; tú trabajas &nbsp;|&nbsp; él/ella trabajanosotros trabajamos &nbsp;|&nbsp; vosotros trabajáis &nbsp;|&nbsp; ellos trabajan

Q

Conjugate <b>estudiar</b> (to study) in the present tense — all six forms.

yo estudio &nbsp;|&nbsp; tú estudias &nbsp;|&nbsp; él/ella estudianosotros estudiamos &nbsp;|&nbsp; vosotros estudiáis &nbsp;|&nbsp; ellos estudian

Q

Conjugate <b>comprar</b> (to buy) in the present tense — all six forms.

yo compro &nbsp;|&nbsp; tú compras &nbsp;|&nbsp; él/ella compranosotros compramos &nbsp;|&nbsp; vosotros compráis &nbsp;|&nbsp; ellos compran